#Computer Third Generation of Computer | Computer of third Generation | Date of Thirds Generation

Third Generation of Modern Computers (1965 - 1974):-

The third generation period was 1965–1974. This generation silicon transistors replaced germanium transistors. Integrated circuits were developed by interconnecting transistors, resistors and capacitors developed on a chip of silicon. Integrated circuit chips were used in computers. ICs were smaller in size, lower power consumption and less expensive than previous switching techniques. Advances in storage technologies led to the creation of large capacity magnetic, disk and tape and large magnetic core based random access memory.
On the software front, high-level languages ​​were improved. Fortran IV and optimization Fortran compilers were developed. Standardization of COBOL (COBOL 68) was another major development during this period.

Benefits of the third generation of computers:-

» Smaller in size than previous generations.
» More reliable than previous generations.
» Used less energy than previous generations.
» Less heat generated than previous two generations.
» Maintenance costs were low because there is a hardware failure.
» Can calculate data in better speed and nanoseconds.
» Completely General Purpose
» Good Storage
» Can be used for high-level languages.
» Less expensive and better accuracy
» Commercial production increased.
» Mouse and keyboard used for input.

Disadvantages of the first generation of computers:-

»Air conditioning was required.
»The manufacture of IC chips requires highly sophisticated technology.
»Touch sensitivity decreases

Example of third generation computer:-

1. IBM 360/370
2. CDC 6600
3. Honeywell-6000 series
4. PDP (Personal Data Processor)
5. TDC-316
6. IBM-370/168

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